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Systems biomedicine is the application of systems biology to the understanding and modulation of developmental and pathological processes in humans, and in animal and cellular models. Whereas systems biology aims at modeling exhaustive networks of interactions〔Uri Alon, An Introduction to Systems Biology - Design Principles of Biological Circuits, CRC Press, 3rd printing (2007)〕 (with the long-term goal of, for example, creating a comprehensive computational model of the cell), mainly at intra-cellular level, systems biomedicine emphasizes the multilevel, hierarchical nature of the models (molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, individual/genotype, environmental factor, population, ecosystem) by discovering and selecting the key factors at each level and integrating them into models that reveal the global, emergent behavior of the biological process under consideration. Such an approach will be favorable when the execution of all the experiments necessary to establish exhaustive models is limited by time and expense (e.g., in animal models) or basic ethics (e.g., human experimentation). In the year of 1992, a paper on system biomedicine by Kamada T. was published (Nov.-Dec.), and an article on systems medicine and pharmacology by Zeng B.J. was also published (April) in the same time period.〔Zeng (B.) J., On the holographic model of human body, 1st National Conference of Comparative Studies Traditional Chinese Medicine and West Medicine, Medicine and Philosophy, April, 1992 ( termed "systems medicine and pharmacology").〕 In 2009, the first collective book on systems biomedicine was edited by Edison T. Liu and Douglas A. Lauffenburger.〔Edison T. Liu and Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Systems Biomedicine: Concepts and Perspectives, Academic Press (2009)〕 In October 2008, one of the first research groups uniquely devoted to systems biomedicine was established at the European Institute of Oncology.〔(IFOM-IEO Campus::Research program::Alberto d'Onofrio::Systems Biomedicine )〕 One of the first research centers specialized on systems biomedicine was founded by Rudi Balling. The (Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine ) is an interdisciplinary center of the (University of Luxembourg ). The first centre devoted to spatial issues in systems biomedicine has been recently established〔(Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine -About )〕 at Oregon Health and Science University. CytoSolve was founded in 2011 by Dr. VA Shiva Ayyadurai, an inventor, systems scientist and MIT-trained systems biologist, following his doctoral research in molecular systems biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.), department of Biological Engineering, that provided a computational architecture for whole cell modeling, by providing a mechanism to integrate large-scale molecular pathway models. The first peer-reviewed journal on this topic, (Systems Biomedicine ), was recently established by Landes Bioscience. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Systems biomedicine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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